Thinking machines

From the end of 40s scientists of the major part of the universities and mechanical investigators put the important and scary aim to make the computer that will work in such way that the result of the work couldn't be told from the human activity.

Developing gradually researchers that work in the sphere of the artificial intelligence discovered that they started the fight against rather confusing problems that concern not only the traditional informatics.

Resulted, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of the cognitive human activity, the essence of language and the sensory perception. They also discovered that it is necessary to make up their minds in the work of milliards neurones to solve the problem of artificial intelligence work.

And then scientists coincided in one point that the most complicated problem is not the imitation of the brain work but learning the principles of its work. And in this point it was connected with the theoretic problems of psychology a lot. Really, it is difficult to find even the only conclusion in the point of the thinking essence and scientists can't even give the unique definition to intellect not to mention to get to know its essence and to imitate it.

Some people think that intellect is the ability to solve complicated tasks; other people consider it to be the ability to learn, generalise and find analogues. Other scientists think it is the ability to correlate with the outer world and other people through communication.

1. Artificial intelligence is the sphere of computer technologies that investigates the formalization of tasks that remind the tasks solved by people. The algorithm of the tasks solving is unknown beforehand. Sometimes there are also the tasks with the images taking that are traditionally included into the sphere of artificial intelligence investigation.

2. Scientists coincide in one point that the most complicated problem is not the imitation of the brain work but learning the principles of its work.

3. Those who support the idea of artificial intelligence creation say that any intellect can be regulated and controlled. Besides it will be programmed to help people and not to harm them.

4. The modern science of the Artificial intelligence (AI) gives four main principles of investigation that are the logical, the structural, the evolutional and the simulation principles.

5. With the development of technologies people considered the mechanical creatures to be something more than just the simple toys. The literature depicted the fears of people that humanity can be substituted by its own creation. The novel about Frankenstein is considered to be the first science-fiction work that depicted this problem.